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PMC
Results
Twenty-nine adult and 20 youth instruments were identified. All instruments are free1, can be accessed through a website or by emailing the author, and contain less than 50 items. Additionally, all have reliability and validity information available. See Tables 2 and and33 for a list of all instruments and selected information (i.e., number of items, age range, sensitivity to change, reporter, and classification). More in-depth descriptions, including reliability and validity data, as available, are presented in the appendices (see Appendices A and B).
Table 2
Adult Instruments
Table 3
Youth Instruments
| Youth Instruments | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Measure | Where to obtain | Number of Items | Ages | Reporter | Sensitive to Change | Screening | Diagnosis | Tx Monitoring &#x; Evaluation |
| Anxiety | ||||||||
| Children Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS) | rushbrookrathbone.co.uk | 10 | P | X | X | X | ||
| Penn State Worry Questionnaire for Children (PSWQ-C) | rushbrookrathbone.co.uk | 16 | S | X | ||||
| Revised Children's Anxiety and Depression Scale Youth and Parent Versions (RCADS/RCADS-P) | rushbrookrathbone.co.uk | 47 | S and P | X | X | X | X | |
| Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotion Disorders (SCARED) | rushbrookrathbone.co.uk%rushbrookrathbone.co.uk | 41 | S and P | X | X | X | ||
| Spence Children's Anxiety Scale (SCAS) | rushbrookrathbone.co.uk | 44 | S and P | X | X | X | X | |
| Depression | ||||||||
| Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale for Children (CES-DC) | rushbrookrathbone.co.uk2/rnentalhealth/pdf/professionals/bridges/rushbrookrathbone.co.uk | 20 | S | X | X | X | ||
| Depression Self Rating Scale for Children (DSRSC) | rushbrookrathbone.co.uk%20Self- Rating%20Scale%20for%20Child%20Depressive%rushbrookrathbone.co.uk | 18 | S | X | ||||
| Disruptive Behavior | ||||||||
| Child and Adolescent Disruptive Behavior Inventory-Parent &#x; Teacher Version (CADBI) | rushbrookrathbone.co.uk | 25 | Not specifi-ed | P and T | X | X | ||
| Eating Disorder | ||||||||
| Child Eating Attitudes Test (ChEAT) | rushbrookrathbone.co.uk | 26 | S | X | ||||
| Eating Attitudes Test (EAT) | http://eatcom | 26 | S and C | X | ||||
| Mania | ||||||||
| Parent Version-Young Mania Rating Scale (P-YMRS) | rushbrookrathbone.co.uk rushbrookrathbone.co.uk | 11 | C | X | ||||
| Child Mania Rating Scale - Parent (CMRS-P) | rushbrookrathbone.co.uk | 21 | P | X | X | X | X | |
| Overall Mental Health | ||||||||
| Brief Problem Checklist (BPC) | rushbrookrathbone.co.uk | 12 | S and P | X | X | X | ||
| The Ohio Scale-Youth, Parent, and Clinician versions | rushbrookrathbone.co.uk@selaoneb | 48 | S, P, and C | X | X | |||
| Peabody Treatment Progress Battery (PTPB) | rushbrookrathbone.co.uk proaram-improvement-cepi/rea/ptpb 2nd ed downloa rushbrookrathbone.co.uk | 11 | S, P, and C | X | X | X | ||
| Pediatric Symptom Checklist and Pediatric Symptom Checklist-Youth Report (PSC &#x; Y-PSC) | rushbrookrathbone.co.uk | 35 | S and P | X | X | X | ||
| Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) | rushbrookrathbone.co.uk | 25 | S, P, and C | X | X | X | ||
| Youth Top Problems (TP) | rushbrookrathbone.co.uk~iweisz/pdfs/rushbrookrathbone.co.uk | 3 | S, P, and C | X | X | |||
| Trauma | ||||||||
| Child PTSD Symptom Scale (CPSS) | rushbrookrathbone.co.uk@aof | 24 | S or C | X | X | X | X | |
| Pediatric Emotional Distress Scale (PEDS) | rushbrookrathbone.co.ukc@rushbrookrathbone.co.uk | 21 | P | X | X | X | ||
Anxiety
Fourteen instruments were identified (9 adult, 5 youth) that assessed symptoms of anxiety.
Adult
Adult instruments ranged in length from items. The majority of the adult instruments (7) were disorder specific (e.g., assessing for Generalized Anxiety Disorder; Generalized Anxiety Disorder Screener (GAD-7; Spitzer, Kroenke, Williams, &#x; Löwe, )), although two instruments assessed general anxiety (The Clinically Useful Anxiety Outcome Scale (CUXOS; Zimmerman, Chelminski, Young, &#x; Dalrymple, ); Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HAM-A; Hamilton, )). All of the adult instruments could be used as screening and treatment monitoring/evaluation tools. Only three instruments could be used as diagnostic tools (GAD-7; Spitzer et al., ); Panic Disorder Severity Scale (PDSS; Shear et al., ); Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN; Connor et al., )).
Youth
Youth instruments ranged in length from items and were intended for administration with youths The majority of the youth instruments (3) assessed general anxiety (Revised Children's Anxiety and Depression Scale Youth and Parent Versions (RCADS; Chorpita, Yim, Moffitt, Umemoto, &#x; Francis, ); Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotion Disorders (SCARED; Birmaher et al., ), Spence Children's Anxiety Scale (SCAS; Spence, )), although two instruments were disorder specific (Children Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS; Scahill et al., ); Penn State Worry Questionnaire for Children (PSWQ-C; Chorpita, Tracey, Brown, Collica, &#x; Barlow, )). All of the youth instruments could be used as screening tools. Only two instruments could be used as diagnostic tools (RCADS; SCAS). Four instruments could be used for treatment monitoring/evaluation (CY-BOCS, RCADS, SCARED, SCAS).
Depression
Six instruments were identified (4 adult, 2 youth) that assessed symptoms of depression.
Adult
Adult instruments ranged in length from items. All of the adult instruments could be used as screening tools. Three instruments could be used as diagnostic tools and treatment monitoring/evaluation tools (The Clinically Useful Depression Outcome Scale (CUDOS, Zimmerman, Chelminski, McGlinchey, &#x; Posternak, ); The Inventory of Depressive Symptoms/Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptoms (IDS/QIDS; Rush et al., ; Rush, Gullion, Basco, Jarrett, &#x; Trivedi, ; Rush et al., ); Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9; Kroenke, Spitzer, &#x; Williams, )).
Youth
. Youth instruments ranged in length from items and were intended for administration in youths All of the youth instruments could be used as screening tools. None were appropriate for diagnostic purposes. Only one tool could be used for treatment monitoring and evaluation (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale for Children (CES-DC; Fendrich, Weissman, &#x; Warner, )).
Disruptive Behavior Disorders
One instrument was identified that assessed symptoms of disruptive behavior disorders.
Youth
One item instrument, the Child and Adolescent Disruptive Behavior Inventory-Parent &#x; Teacher Version (CADBI; Burns, Taylor, &#x; Rusby, a; b), was identified. This tool can be used as a screening and diagnostic tool, but not for treatment monitoring and evaluation.
Eating disorders
Four instruments were identified (2 adult, 2 youth) that assessed symptoms of eating disorders.
Adult
Adult instruments ranged in length from items. Both adult instruments could be used as screening tools; only the Eating Disorder Diagnostic Scale (EDDS; Stice, Telch, &#x; Rizvi, ) could be used as a diagnostic and treatment monitoring/evaluation tool.
Youth
Both youth instruments were 26 items and were intended for administration in youths Both instruments could be used as screening tools. Neither was appropriate for diagnostic or treatment monitoring and evaluation.
Mania
Five instruments were identified (3 adult, 2 youth) that assessed symptoms of mania.
Adult
Adult instruments ranged in length from items. All adult instruments could be used as screening and treatment monitoring/evaluation tools. None of the tools could be used for diagnostic purposes.
Youth
Youth instruments ranged from items and were intended for administration in youths Both youth instruments could be used as screening tools; only the Child Mania Rating Scale-Parent (CMRS-P; Pavuluri, Henry, Devineni, Carbray, &#x; Birmaher, ) could be used for diagnostic and treatment monitoring/evaluation purposes.
Overall Mental Health
Nine instruments were identified (3 adult, 6 youth) that fell under the category of overall mental health.
Adult
Adult instruments ranged in length from items. Two adult instruments could be used as screening tools (National Institutes of Health Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS; NIH PROMIS, ); Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ; Spitzer, Kroenke, &#x; Williams, )). The PHQ could also be used as a diagnostic tool. Two instruments could be used for treatment monitoring and evaluation (PHQ, Recovery Assessment Scale (RAS; Giffort, Schmook, Woody, Vollendorf, &#x; Gervain, )).
Youth
Youth instruments ranged from items and were intended for administration in youths Four of the instruments could be used as screening tools (Brief Problem Checklist (BPC; Chorpita et al., ), Peabody Treatment Progress Battery (PTPB; Bickman et al., ), Pediatric Symptom Checklist/Youth Report (PSC &#x; Y-PSC; Jellinek et al., ), and the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ; Goodman, )). None of the instruments were used as diagnostic tools. All instruments could be used for treatment monitoring and evaluation.
Personality Disorders
One measure was identified that assessed personality disorders in adults; no measures were identified for youths which is appropriate given that personality disorders are not diagnosed in those under 18 years.
Adult
The Borderline Evaluation of Severity over Time (BEST; Blum, Pfohl, St. John, Monahan, &#x; Black, ) is a item instrument that is a screening, diagnostic, and treatment monitoring/evaluation tool for borderline personality disorder. Tools for other personality disorders were not identified.
Suicidality
Two adult instruments were identified that assessed suicidality; no child instruments were identified.
Adult
Adult instruments ranged in length from items. All adult instruments could be used as screening tools. One instrument could be used for treatment monitoring and evaluation (The Suicide Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R; Osman et al., ).
Youth
We were not able to identify any measures that met our criteria.
Trauma
Seven instruments were identified (5 adult, 2 youth) that assessed symptoms of trauma.
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